Mold.



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A. TRAYMAN.

MOLD.

APPLICATION FILED MA1L17, 1913.

1, 1 26,1 31. Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

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THE NORRIS PETERS C0., PHOTO-LI'THO.. WASHINGTON, D.

A. TRAYMAN.

MOLD.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.17, 191s Patented 52111.26, 1915.

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THE NORRIS PETERS 60., PHOTO LITHDH WASHING I'ON Dv C,

A. TRAYMAN.

MOLD.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR.17, 1913. 1 126 1 3 1 a Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

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PETERS CO.. PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D. C

p'nrrnn STATES rarnnr ensi n ALBERT TRAYMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MOLD.

Application filed March 17, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, ALBERT TRAYMAN, a subject of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molds; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the acconnoanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specifica tion.

This invention relates to molds particularly adapted for use in forming or constructing tapering chimneys, stacks, or other simlarly shaped structures, to be made of concrete or a simlar or like material.

(hie of the objects of the invention is to provide a mold which may be varied in diameter as the work on the chimney or stack progresses, so that the mold may be used not only for forming the first or base section of the stack but also the interine diate and top sections thereof. The mold forming the subject-matter of the present invention embraces generally an inner and outer wall together with a bracing or supporting device located inside of the mold and through the medium of which both the inner and outer walls are held in spaced relation, in order to provide an annular space between the inn er and outer walls into which may be placed the concrete or other similar material of which the stack is to be built.

i l further object of the invention is to provide means adapted to extend across the top of the inner wall. and the annular space between the same and the outer wall, for connecting the outer wall with the bracing device so that the outer wall may be spaced from and maintained concentric with respect to the inner wall. Said means is also capable of adjustment so that the distance between the inner and outer walls may be varied and to give the proper taper to the outer wall.

A further object of the invention is to so construct such spacing means that the same may be moved from position extending across the top of the annular space between the inner and outer walls to a position exterior to such annular space, so that the opening at the top of the same will be free from obstructions, and reinforcing elements may be readily inserted into such annular space.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 233, 1915..

Serial No. 754,664;

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims. In the accompanying drawings illustratmg my inventionFigur-e 1 is a to plan view of a mold constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a view in central vertical section of the parts shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary view, in front elevation, of the outer wall of the mold at the place where the first and last sheet metal plates thereof overlap, showing the means for connecting said overlapping plates and by which the diameter of the outer wall may be varied; Fig. it is a sectional view, taken on a plane indicated by the line H of Fig. Fig. 5 is a. central vertical section of a concrete section which has been formed by the mold; the mold and its parts being shown as raised to and supported in position for forming the next superposed section; Fig. 6 is an enlarged view in side ele ation of the centering device; the rod included in said device being shown in transverse section; Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken in a plane indicated by line 77 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is an enlarged view in end elevation of the centering de vice, the rod, constituting a part thereof, being shown in elevation; Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are views in top plan, side elevation and transverse section, respectively. of another form of centering member; all the views showing the manner in which said member is connected with the outer wall of the mold; Fig. 11 being a sectional view taken on line 11 11 of Fig. 10.

Referring to the drawings, illustrating in detail one of the preferred forms of my invention, a central support or bracing device 10 is employed; the same comprising four upright corner posts 11 connected together at or adjacent their lower ends by horizontal cross bars 12 and adjacent their upper ends by similar cross bars 13 and 14. All. of the cross bars are secured to the outside of the posts. As shown in the drawings, and especially in Fig. 2 thereof, the cross bars 13 are located below the lower edges of the cross bars 14, and are oppositely disposed and connected to the sides of the posts 11 not connected by the cross bars l-l. The purpose of this arrangement of the cross bars 13 and 14 will presently appear. Mounted on the central support 10 with the posts 11 projecting therethrough, are vertically spaced annular members or rings 15,

respectively, are necessarily located at the lower edges of said rings, thus making these rings step-shaped in cross-section. The ring 15 is the uppermost one and rests on the upper edges of the cross bars 1%, while the ring 17 is the lowermost one and rests on the upper edges of the cross bars 12. The ring 16 is the intermediate one and rests on the up per edges of the cross bars 13. All of the rings tightly embrace the posts 11 and are thus prevented from rotative movement with respect to the central support 10. The upper edges of the cross bars 12 are all in the same horizontal plane, and this is equally true of the upper edges of the cross bars 13 and the like edges of the cross bars 1 1. All of the rings are preferably made of metal. Immediatey surrounding the central support or bracing device 10 is an annular mold wall 21, of a height equal to the height of the mold and comprising a plurality of transversely curved, longitudinally tapered, sheet metal plates or sections 22, all of which, except the first and last ones, are connected together at their lateral margins by upwardly and downwardly extending sheet metal strips or strap members 23. Said metal strips 23 extend the full height of the wall 21 and brace said wall vertically. Said strips 23 are made of relatively thin .metal and when attached to the inner wall flex transversely and conform to the curva ture of said inner wall. The strips 23 are attached to the inner wall in any suitable manner, but preferably by machine screws or the like inserted through the threaded registering apertures or holes in the strips and the marginal portions of the plates or sections of the inner wall overlapped by said strips. This type of connection being a well known one, it is not shown in the drawings. The first and last plates of the mold wall 21 are adapted to overlap each other when the wall 21 assumes acircular form, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The diameter of the wall 21 may be varied by shifting the overlapping first and last plates over each other. The lateral edges of joined plates 22 abut and are flush with each other, and the metal strips 28 are located on the inside of said plates. The outer surface of the wall 21 is thereby made smooth and continuous. Said wall 21 e011- stitutes the inner wall of the mold. Secured or attached to each metal strip 23, in any suitable manner, but prefe ably by nails, is a wooden strip 24 extending the full length of said metal strip 23. Secured to each wooden strip 24 are inwardly extending, longitudinally spaced blocks 25, one

in or slightly above the plane of the radially projecting flange 19 of the intermediate ring 16 and the other similarly located with respect to the radially projecting flange 20 of the bottom ring 17. The inner wall 21 is spaced from and maintained in its spaced relation with respect to the central support or bracing device 10 by radial bracing memhers 26 extending between said wall and the intermediate and lower rings 19 and 20, respectively. The inner end of each brace member 26 bears against the associated ring and rests on the radially projecting flange thereof, while the other end of each brace member 26 abuts against the associated wooden strip 21 and rests on the block 25 provided therefor. (See Fig. 2). In this manner the brace members 26 are maintained in spacing position.

Exterior to and surrounding the inner wall 21 is the outer wall 27, annular in sh ape and preferably of the same height as the inner wall 21. Said outer wall 27 comprises a plurality of transxersely curved, longitudinally tapered sheet metal plates or sections 28 connected together with the lateral margins of one plate abuttingagainst the like margins of the adjacent plate; except in the case of the adjacent lateral margins of the first and last plates. The first and last plates of the outer wall 27 are adapted to overlap each other when the outer wall 27 assumes a circular form, as shown in Figs. 1. 3 and l of the drawings. The lateral margins of said plates 28, except the adjacent lateral margins of the first and last plates above mentioned, are removably con nected with vertical T-beams or connecting members 29 by screw bolts 30, as best shown in said Fig. 3. The T-beai'ns 29 being secured to the outside of the plates 28, and the abutting lateral edges of the plates 28 being flush with each other, the inner surface of the outer wall is smooth and continuous. By reason of the fact that each plate or section 28 is longitudinally tapered, said outer wall 27, when brought in circular form, has a permanent taper. By reason of the fact that the first and last plates 28 of the outer wall 27 overlap, as hest'shown in Fig. t, the diameter of the outer wall 27 may be varied, increasing when the overlapping plates are moved circumferentially with respect to each other in a direction to bring their free lateral margins toward each other and decreasing the diameter of the outer wall 27 when the overlapping plates are moved circumferentially with respect to each other in the opposite direction. Passing through the outwardly projecting flanges 3.1 of the T-beams 29, which are connected with the overlapping plates of the outer wall 27. are relatively long bolts 32, 33, threaded' throughout their length and upon which are screwed jam nuts 34: adapted to engage each side of the flange 31 of said T beams, as shown in Fig. 3. The jam nuts 34 when clamped against the flanges 31 of the T- beams prevent the overlapping plates from moving relatively to each other. Thus the outer wall is maintained at the diameter re quired. By loosening the jam-nuts 34 bearing against the inside of one of the flanges 31 of one of the T-beams 29, and screwing up the jam-nuts on the opposite side of the same flange 31, the diameter of the outer wall 27 may be decreased. By a reversal of the operation above described, the diameter of the outer wall 27 may be increased.

A suitable number, preferably four, of the T-beams 29 are each provided with an upright tongue or tenon 35 projecting above the top of the outer wall 27, as best shown in Fig. 3. Said tongue 35 is the same in vidth and thickness as the base of the T- beam, and forms a continuation thereof. The outwardly projecting flanges 31 of the T-beains 29 terminate short of the top of the outer wall 27, (see Fig. 3,) the purpose of which will be hereinafter stated. Upon the tongues are mounted centering devices or members 36. As each centering device is the same in construction, description of one will suffice for all. The centering device 36 comprises a body member or block 3? provided with a vertically arranged slot 38, extending therethrough, into which the tongue 35 enters. lVhen the centering device 3G is mounted on the tongue 35, the block 37 rests on the upper edge of the outer wall 27. At one end of the block 37 and projecting vertically through the same is a stud 39 adapted to rotate freely about a ver tical axis. A cotter pin 39 passing through the shank of the vertical stud 39 below the block 37 prevents upward movement of said stud 39 with respect to the block. Projecting horizontally through the upper end of said stud 39 and adapted to rotate freely about a horizontal axis, is a second stud 40. The said horizontal stud L0 is prevented from endwise movement with respect to the vertical stud 39 by means of an annular shoulder 4-1 at one end of the shank 4:3 of said horizontal stud. located exterior to said vertical stud 39, and a cotter pin ft passing through said shank --3 at its other end and exterior to said vertical stud (see Fig. 6). The head -l5 of the horizontal stud d0 is made in two parts, between which is clamped aspacing or centering rod 4%", by suitable clamping nuts 17. By applying a wrench or other appropriate tool to said nuts t7 and loosening the same, the rod 9:6 may be moved endwise. The rod 46 is thus adjustably connected with the horizontal stud 4C0. The rod as is graduated, into suitable units of length, throughout a greater portion of its length and is provided with a hook -lT at one end thereof. The centering device 36 is maintained on the tongue 35 of the T-beam by a set screw 48. By the construction above described, the centering rod 1-6 has both adjustable and swiveled connection with the block or body 37 of the centering device 36.

As shown in the drawings, the radially projecting annular flange 18 of the upper ring 15 is provided with a plurality of apertures or holes 49 adapted to be engaged by the hooks at? on the ends of the centering rods 4:6. The holes 49 are arranged in sets or series, each set having its central aperture and the remaining apertures of each set equally spaced and arranged in equal numbers on each side of the central aperture of the set. The central-apertures are spaced circumferentially at equal distances apart. There are four central apertures shown in the drawings and the same are spaced apart at equal distances around the circumference of the ring 15. If found necessary, the holes *9 may be distributed entirely around the circumference of the f ange 18. It is, of course, to be understood that the flange 18 may be omitted and the apertures -l9 made in the upper edge of the ring without in any way affecting the operation of the mold. I

In forming a stack or similar structure with the apparatus hereinbefore described, the same is used or operated in the followmg manner: After the foundation for the stack has been completed, the central support or bracing device 10, with the rings or annular members 15, 16 and 17 applied thereto in the positions shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, is set upon the foundation, in an upright position, and centrally of the same; providing the center of the foundation coincides with the longitudinal axis or center line of the chimney stack, or hollow structure to be built. Should the center of the foundation be offset from the longitudinal axis or center line of the stack, the central support is set upon. said foundation so that its longitudinal axis coincides with the like axis of the stack. The inner wall 21 of the mold is then placed around the sup port 10 and set in an upright position upon the foundation. The said inner wall 21 is then expanded or contracted, according to which is required, to make its external diameter equal to the desired internal diameter of the first or base section or unit of the stack. Bracing members 26 are then placed in position to extend between the central support and the inner wall 21, to space the inner wall 21 radially from the central support. The brace members 26 are of such length that the inner wall 21 is spaced such distance from the central support, that the diameter of the inner wall :21 will be the same as the internal diameter of the base section of the stack to be formed.

The brace members 26, each resting at one end on one of the blocks 25, and at the other end on the radially projecting annular flange of one of the rings or annular members 15 and 16, are prevented from dropping out of spacing or bracing position. Said brace members 26, in addition to their function as braces, act to hold the inner wall 21 to the diameter to which it has been set. If the flue of the stack being formed is to be of a uniform diameter throughout its length, the upper brace members 26 must be equal in length to the corresponding lower ones, but if said fine is to taper upwardly, as is often required, it follows that the upper brace members 26 are made shorter than the corresponding lower ones, in order to give the proper taper to the inner wall 21. In Fig. 2, the inner wall 21 is-shown as being slightly tapered. After the inner wall has been properly positioned, the outer wall 27 is placed in an upright position on the foundation exterior to and surrounding said inner wall. The diameter of the outer wall 27 is brought by the bolts 32 and 33 and the jam-.nuts 31 thereon, in a manner hereinbefore described, to the diameter required for the outer wall of the base or first section of the stack to be formed. The outer wall 27 although setting in upright position on the foundation, may not be concentric with respect to the inner wall or spaced radially from said inner wall. a distance equal. to the thickness of the base section of the stack. In order to bring the outer wall 27 in proper spaced relation to and concentric with respect to the inner wall 21, the centering devices 36 are brought into use, in the following manner: The rods 46 of the centering devices are adjusted endwise, by the use of the graduation thereon, to give such efi ective length to said rods that they will extend from the blocks 37, with which they are connected, to the radially extending flange 18 of the ring or annular member 15, with which their hooked ends are engaged, when said outer wall. is spaced from the inner wall a distance corresponding to the intended thickness of the base section of the stack. The outer wall 27 is thus maintained in all. its parts at a distance from the inner wall 21, equal to the thickness of the wall of the base section of the stack and also maintained concentric with respect to said inner wall. Thus there is provided between the inner and outer walls 21 and 27, respectively, an annular space into which may be poured the concrete or other similar material of which the stack is to be made. After the outer wall 27 has been thus placed in position, the hooks -17 of the rods 46 may be temporarily disengaged from the apertures 49, and said rods 16 swung on their swiveled connection with the blocks 37, to a position outside of the outer wall, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5-. When the rods 46 are in this position, there is nothing extending across the annular space between the inner and outer walls which would in any way hinder the insertion into such space of the reinforcing elements such as wire mesh to be used in the construction of the stack. After the reinforcing elements have been placed in position, the rods 16 are swung back into the position so that their hooks +17 engage the apertures in the ring 18 and thus maintain the outer wall in proper spaced relation with respect to the inner wall during the time that the annular space between the inner and outer walls is being filled with concrete. The bracing members 26 brace the inner wall 21 and prevent the same from being bulged inwardly under the load of the concrete, while the rods 46, in addition to being spacing members, are in effect, tension members and prevent the outer wall from being bulged outwardly under the pressure of the concrete.

After the concrete between the inner and outer walls of the mold has hardened to such an extent as to be self-supporting, the bracing members 26 of both upper and lower sets are removed, and the centering rods swung to a position exterior to the outer wall. The central support or bracing device 10 is then lifted by a. derrick or other suitable means until its lower end is in the same plane as in the top of the concrete base section just formed. The central support 10 is suspended in this position until a scaffold, such as 60, is built beneath the same, and by which the support 10 is supported. (See Fig. 5). Then the-inner wall 21 is contracted in diameter to loosen the same from the first concrete section and then moved or drawn upwardly until its lower margin is slightly below the top of the concrete section just formed. If the line of the stack is to be tapered, the bracing members 26, previously employed, are shortened and applied as before to space the inner wall 21 from the central support 10. The lower set of bracing members 26 act, in effect, as clamping means for holding the lower end of the inner wall 21 tightly against said concrete section. In this manner the inner wall 21 is supported in position for forming the next section. The outer wall 27 is allowed to expand slightly to loosen the same from the first section and is then moved or drawn upwardly until its lower margin extends below the top of said concrete section. The diameter of the outer wall 27 is then decreased to the external diameter of the next section of the stack to be formed and the outer wall clamped with its lower end tightly embracing the adjacent part of the completed base section. The clamping above referred to is accomplished by means of bolts 32, 33 and the jam-nuts 34 thereon.

The rods 46 of the centering device are set to the graduation thereon which will serve to locate the hooked ends of said rods from the centering devices such distance that when said hooked ends are engaged in the proper apertures in the radially extending flange 18 of the upper ring 15, the upper edge of the outer wall will be drawn radially inward to such an extent as to give said outer wall the proper taper. Concrete is poured into the annular space between the inner and outer walls to form the second section upon the first or base section in the same manner as forming. the preceding section. As before, the rods 16 are swung out of the way to permit the insertion of the reinforcing elements into position between the inner and outer walls. After the second section has hardened, the operation in dicated above is repeated to form the next and succeeding sections. By reason of the fact that the rods 46 are graduated, as shown, said rods may be set in advance to determine the proper taper of the outer Wall for each section of the stack. It is to be understood that when the flue of the stack is to be tapered, the taper given to the outer wall will usually be greater than a taper given to the flue of the stack, in order that the stack as a whole will taper upwardly and the thickness of the stack Wlll decrease from its base toward its upper end.

In Figs. 9, 10 and 11, another form of centering device is shown, this form difi'ering from the preceding one above descrlbed, only in the manner of connecting the same with the outer wall of the mold. In this instance, a longitudinally covered strip is secured to the outer face of the sheet metal plate or section 28 of the outer wall 27, adjacent the upper margin thereof; said strip extending between the T-beams 29 at the lateral margins of said plate. The upper edge of the plate 28 projects above the upper edge of said strip 50. The flange 31 of the T-beam 39 terminates short of the upper edge of the plate 28, as hereinbefore mentioned, for the sole purpose of accommodating said curved strip 50. Attached to said strip 50 is a longitudinally curved metal strip 51, said strip 51 being greater in width than the strip 50 and secured thereto in such a manner that its longitudinal edges project above and below the like edges of the strip 50 (see Fig. 11). 52 indicates a dog or block, channel-shape in cross-section, and having the end portions 52 of its horizontal flanges 53 bent transversely of the channel, as shown in Fig. 11. hen the dog 52 is applied to the strip 51, the latter extends through the channel thereof and the inwardly bent end portions 52 of said dog engage the projecting edges of the metal strip 51. By reason of this connection of the dog 52 with the metal strip 51, said dog is capable of being movedlaterally inadirection circum'ferentially of the outer wall. The dog 52 is provided with an upright flange 53 similar to the part 35 of the T-beam 29, and used for the same purpose. By reason of the construction above described, the centering device as a whole will move circumterentially of the outer wall until in radial alinement with the desired aperture in the flange 18 of the ring 15. In the use of this form of the device, it is ui'inecessary to shift or move the outer wall to bring the centering device into radial. alinement with such apertures, will obviously be necessary when the centering device 36 is used. A set screw 54; is provided for maintaining the dog 52 in any desired position. It is, oi: course, understood that the extent of: movement of the dog 52 is between the T-beams 29 at the lateral edges of the plate upon which the dog is slidably mounted. Although only one dog is described and shown, yet any number of such dogs may be used by providing the necessary strips on the desired number of plates of the outer wall.

It is to be understood that the mechanical construction of the mold illustrated may be changed and variously modified without departure from the spirit of my invention, and I do not wish to be limited to the exact details of construction and arrangement shown, except as pointed out in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A mold, comprising inner and oute walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, an upright supporting device located inside of said inner wall and having bracing connection therewith, and a spacing member adapted to extend between said outer wall and said supporting device over the top of the inner wall and the mold chamber formed between said walls, for spacing the outer wall from said inner wall; said spacing member having detachable connection at one end with said supporting device and pivotal connection at the other end with said outer wall, thereby permitting said spacing member to be swung from a position extending between said outer wall and said supporting device into a position with all parts thereoi exterior to said outer wall; said s acing mem her having no connection with the inner wall.

2. A mold, comprising inner and outer annular walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, said outer wall being adjustable circumferentially for varying the diameter thereof, an upright supporting device located inside of the inner wall and having bracing connection therewith, and a spacing member having both endwise adjustable and pivotal connection with the outer wall and adapted to be swung from a position exterior to the outer wall into and out of a position extending over the inner wall and the space between the walls and detachably engaging said supporting device for variably spacing the outer wall from the inner wall; said spacing member having no connection with the inner wall.

3. A mold, comprising inner and outer annular walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, an upright supporting device located inside of said inner wall and having bracingconnection therewith, an annular member carried by said supporting device and provided with a plurailty of apertures, and a spacing rod provided with a hook-shaped end, said rod having pivotal connection with the outer wall and adapted to be swung into and out of position extending across the top of the mold with its hook-shaped end engaged in one of said apertures for spacing the outer Wall from the inner wall; said rod having no connection with the inner wall.

4. A mold, comprising inner and outer annular walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, an upright supporting device located inside of said inner wall and having bracing connection therewith, an annular member connected with said bracing device and provided with a plurality of apertures, a block detachably secured to said outer wall, a stud mounted in said block and adapted to rotate on a horizontal axis, and a spacing rod having connection with said stud and provided with a hook-shaped end adapted to engage one of said apertures, said rod being adapted to be swung into and out of a position extending between said outer wall and said supporting device for spacing the outer wall from the inner wall.

5. A mold, comprising inner and outer walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, an upright supporting device located inside of said mold and having bracing connection with said inner wall, a block detachably secured to said outer wall, an upright stud mounted in said block and adapted for movement about a vertical axis, a second stud mounted in said upright stud and adapted for movement about a horizontal axis, and a spacing rod connected with said last mentioned stud and having a hook-shaped end adapted for detachable engagement with said supporting device.

6. A mold, comprising inner and outer walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, an upright supporting device located inside of said mold and having bracing connection with said inner wall, an annular member carried by said bracing device and provided with at least one aperture, a block attached to said outer wall, a stud mounted in said block and adapted for movement about a horizontal axis, said stud being provided with a twopart head, and a spacing rod adapted to be clamped between the parts of said head, said rod having a hook-shaped end adapted to engage said aperture.

7. A. mold, comprising inner and outer annular walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an annular space therebetween, an upright supporting device located inside of said inner wall and having bracing connection therewith, the outer wall consisting of a plurality of transversely curved plates or sections all of which except the first and last sections are connected together at their lateral margins, said first and last sections overlapping each other when the outer wall assumes an annular form, flanged members attached to said first and last sections, bolts extending between and having endwise adjustable connection with said flanged members, and a spacing member having both pivotal and endwise adjustable connection with said outer wall and adapted to be swung into and out of position extending between the outer wall and the supporting device for spacing the outer wall from the inner wall; said spacing member having no connection withthe inner wall.

8. A mold, comprising inner and outer annular walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, the outer wall being adjustable circumferentially, an upright supporting device located inside of said inner wall and having bracing connection therewith, a member secured to said outer wall and having the vertical part forming a tongue projecting above said outer wall, a block provided with a vertical slot adapted to receive said tongue, and a spacing rod having both endwise adjustable and swiveled connection with said block and adapted to be swung into and out of position extending over the top of the inner Wall and the space between the walls and detachably engaging said supporting device, for spacing the outer wall from the inner wall.

9. A mold, comprising inner and outer annular walls adapted to be spaced apart to provide an intermediate mold chamber, the outer wall being adjustable circumferentially for varying the diameter thereof and consisting of a plurality of transversely curved plates or sections, a plurality of T-beams attached to the outer wall and connecting the plates or sections thereof together, each T -beam being provided with a tongue projecting above the outer wall, blocks for each T-beam, each block being provided with a vertical slot adapted to re ceive a tongue, and a spacing rod for each block, said rod having swiveled connection with said block and adapted to be swung into and out of position extending across presence of two Witnesses, this 15th day of the top of the inner Wall and the space be- March A. D. 1913. tween the Walls and detachably engaging said supporting device, for spacing the Walls ALBERT FRAYMAN' apart. Witnesses:

In testimony, that I, claim the foregoing EUGENE G. WANN, as my invention I aflix my signature in the CHARLES W. POOLE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). G. 

